Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) focuses on managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and improving quality of life. The approach varies based on the specific type and underlying cause of ILD. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, and immunosuppressive drugs, like azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil, are commonly used to reduce inflammation and immune system activity. For certain types, like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), antifibrotic medications such as pirfenidone and nintedanib can slow disease progression. Oxygen therapy helps manage low blood oxygen levels and alleviate shortness of breath. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, which include exercise training, education, and support, improve physical function and quality of life. In advanced cases, lung transplantation may be considered. Managing comorbid conditions, avoiding lung irritants, and regular monitoring by a pulmonologist are essential components of comprehensive ILD care.

Symptoms of ILD:

• Shortness of breath at rest or aggravated by exertion
• Dry cough

Types of ILD:

• Interstitial pneumonia
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis
• Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis
• Acute interstitial pneumonitis
• Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP)